* using log directory ‘/Users/ripley/R/packages/tests-devel/CAST.Rcheck’ * using R Under development (unstable) (2026-06-16 r90161) * using platform: aarch64-apple-darwin25.5.0 * R was compiled by Apple clang version 21.0.0 (clang-2100.1.1.101) GNU Fortran (GCC) 14.2.0 * running under: macOS Tahoe 26.5.1 * using session charset: UTF-8 * current time: 2026-06-16 10:27:44 UTC * using option ‘--no-stop-on-test-error’ * checking for file ‘CAST/DESCRIPTION’ ... OK * checking extension type ... Package * this is package ‘CAST’ version ‘1.0.4’ * package encoding: UTF-8 * checking package namespace information ... OK * checking package dependencies ... OK * checking if this is a source package ... OK * checking if there is a namespace ... OK * checking for executable files ... OK * checking for hidden files and directories ... OK * checking for portable file names ... OK * checking for sufficient/correct file permissions ... OK * checking whether package ‘CAST’ can be installed ... OK * checking installed package size ... OK * checking package directory ... OK * checking ‘build’ directory ... OK * checking DESCRIPTION meta-information ... OK * checking top-level files ... OK * checking for left-over files ... OK * checking index information ... OK * checking package subdirectories ... OK * checking code files for non-ASCII characters ... OK * checking R files for syntax errors ... OK * checking whether the package can be loaded ... OK * checking whether the package can be loaded with stated dependencies ... OK * checking whether the package can be unloaded cleanly ... OK * checking whether the namespace can be loaded with stated dependencies ... OK * checking whether the namespace can be unloaded cleanly ... OK * checking loading without being on the library search path ... OK * checking use of S3 registration ... OK * checking dependencies in R code ... OK * checking S3 generic/method consistency ... OK * checking replacement functions ... OK * checking foreign function calls ... OK * checking R code for possible problems ... OK * checking Rd files ... OK * checking Rd metadata ... OK * checking Rd cross-references ... OK * checking for missing documentation entries ... OK * checking for code/documentation mismatches ... OK * checking Rd \usage sections ... OK * checking Rd contents ... OK * checking for unstated dependencies in examples ... OK * checking contents of ‘data’ directory ... OK * checking data for non-ASCII characters ... OK * checking data for ASCII and uncompressed saves ... OK * checking installed files from ‘inst/doc’ ... OK * checking files in ‘vignettes’ ... OK * checking examples ... OK * checking for unstated dependencies in ‘tests’ ... OK * checking tests ... Running ‘testthat.R’ [35s/35s] [35s/35s] OK * checking for unstated dependencies in vignettes ... OK * checking package vignettes ... OK * checking re-building of vignette outputs ... [69s/300s] ERROR Error(s) in re-building vignettes: --- re-building ‘cast01-CAST-intro.Rmd’ using rmarkdown CAST package:CAST R Documentation '_c_a_r_e_t' _A_p_p_l_i_c_a_t_i_o_n_s _f_o_r _S_p_a_t_i_a_l-_T_e_m_p_o_r_a_l _M_o_d_e_l_s _D_e_s_c_r_i_p_t_i_o_n: Supporting functionality to run 'caret' with spatial or spatial-temporal data. 'caret' is a frequently used package for model training and prediction using machine learning. CAST includes functions to improve spatial-temporal modelling tasks using 'caret'. It includes the newly suggested 'Nearest neighbor distance matching' cross-validation to estimate the performance of spatial prediction models and allows for spatial variable selection to selects suitable predictor variables in view to their contribution to the spatial model performance. CAST further includes functionality to estimate the (spatial) area of applicability of prediction models by analysing the similarity between new data and training data. Methods are described in Meyer et al. (2018); Meyer et al. (2019); Meyer and Pebesma (2021); Milà et al. (2022); Meyer and Pebesma (2022); Linnenbrink et al. (2023). The package is described in detail in Meyer et al. (2024). _D_e_t_a_i_l_s: 'caret' Applications for Spatio-Temporal models _A_u_t_h_o_r(_s): Hanna Meyer, Carles Milà, Marvin Ludwig, Jan Linnenbrink, Fabian Schumacher _R_e_f_e_r_e_n_c_e_s: • Meyer, H., Ludwig, L., Milà, C., Linnenbrink, J., Schumacher, F. (2026): The CAST package for training and assessment of spatial prediction models in R. In: Rocchini, D. (eds) R Coding for Ecology. Use R!. Springer, Cham. • Schumacher, F., Knoth, C., Ludwig, M., Meyer, H. (2025): Estimation of local training data point densities to support the assessment of spatial prediction uncertainty. Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 10185–10202. • Linnenbrink, J., Milà, C., Ludwig, M., and Meyer, H. (2024): kNNDM: k-fold Nearest Neighbour Distance Matching Cross-Validation for map accuracy estimation, Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 5897–5912. • Milà, C., Mateu, J., Pebesma, E., Meyer, H. (2022): Nearest Neighbour Distance Matching Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation for map validation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution 13, 1304– 1316. • Meyer, H., Pebesma, E. (2022): Machine learning-based global maps of ecological variables and the challenge of assessing them. Nature Communications. 13. • Meyer, H., Pebesma, E. (2021): Predicting into unknown space? Estimating the area of applicability of spatial prediction models. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. 12, 1620– 1633. • Meyer, H., Reudenbach, C., Wöllauer, S., Nauss, T. (2019): Importance of spatial predictor variable selection in machine learning applications - Moving from data reproduction to spatial prediction. Ecological Modelling. 411, 108815. • Meyer, H., Reudenbach, C., Hengl, T., Katurji, M., Nauß, T. (2018): Improving performance of spatio-temporal machine learning models using forward feature selection and target-oriented validation. Environmental Modelling & Software 101: 1-9. _S_e_e _A_l_s_o: Useful links: • • • Report bugs at Quitting from cast01-CAST-intro.Rmd:72-78 [unnamed-chunk-5] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Error: ! unable to find an inherited method for function 'crop' for signature 'x = "NULL"' --- Backtrace: ▆ 1. └─terra::crop(c(wc, elev), st_bbox(splotdata)) 2. └─methods (local) ``(``, ``, ``) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Error: processing vignette 'cast01-CAST-intro.Rmd' failed with diagnostics: unable to find an inherited method for function 'crop' for signature 'x = "NULL"' --- failed re-building ‘cast01-CAST-intro.Rmd’ --- re-building ‘cast02-plotgeodist.Rmd’ using rmarkdown Quitting from cast02-plotgeodist.Rmd:243-248 [unnamed-chunk-17] ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Error in `names(predictors_global) <- c(paste0("bio_", 1:19))`: ! attempt to set an attribute on NULL ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Error: processing vignette 'cast02-plotgeodist.Rmd' failed with diagnostics: attempt to set an attribute on NULL --- failed re-building ‘cast02-plotgeodist.Rmd’ --- re-building ‘cast03-CV.Rmd’ using rmarkdown --- finished re-building ‘cast03-CV.Rmd’ --- re-building ‘cast04-AOA-tutorial.Rmd’ using rmarkdown --- finished re-building ‘cast04-AOA-tutorial.Rmd’ --- re-building ‘cast05-parallel.Rmd’ using rmarkdown --- finished re-building ‘cast05-parallel.Rmd’ SUMMARY: processing the following files failed: ‘cast01-CAST-intro.Rmd’ ‘cast02-plotgeodist.Rmd’ Error: Vignette re-building failed. Execution halted * checking PDF version of manual ... OK * checking HTML version of manual ... OK * checking for detritus in the temp directory ... OK * DONE Status: 1 ERROR See ‘/Users/ripley/R/packages/tests-devel/CAST.Rcheck/00check.log’ for details. 161.22 real 137.22 user 9.49 sys